We want to bring attention to a concerning new threat that has emerged in India. The health department of Maharashtra has reported over 100 cases of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) in Pune, including one suspected death in Solapur. The noticeable rise in GBS cases in India, particularly in Maharashtra, demands public awareness and attention. In this blog, you will learn about this rare disease and the steps that reduce the risk of infections that may trigger the syndrome.

Understanding Guillain-Barré Syndrome:

GBS is a rare but serious neurological disorder that is increasingly becoming a cause for concern in India. This autoimmune condition occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the peripheral nervous system, leading to muscle weakness, numbness, and, in severe cases, paralysis. While GBS remains relatively uncommon, its rising incidence and potential for severe complications make awareness and early diagnosis crucial.

It can affect anyone, regardless of age or gender, but it often follows a viral or bacterial infection, such as respiratory illnesses, gastrointestinal infections, or even vaccinations in rare cases. The exact cause of GBS remains unknown, but it is often linked to infections like Campylobacter jejuni, which is associated with contaminated food and water. Other triggers include influenza, dengue, and, more recently, Covid-19.

The symptoms of GBS usually begin with weakness and tingling sensations in the legs, which gradually spread to the arms and upper body. In some cases, patients experience difficulty in breathing, which may require ventilatory support. The severity of GBS varies, with some recovering within weeks while others may take months or years, often requiring extensive rehabilitation.

GBS in India: A Growing Concern

In India, the prevalence of GBS has been on the rise, partly due to increased viral infections and environmental factors. Cases have been reported across different states, with some clustering in regions where viral outbreaks are common. The link between GBS and mosquito-borne infections like dengue and chikungunya has raised alarm, as these infections continue to surge in India’s tropical climate.

Moreover, the Covid-19 pandemic has further highlighted the potential link between viral infections and GBS. Several post-Covid cases of GBS have been reported, indicating that the virus might trigger an autoimmune response in susceptible individuals. This makes it imperative for healthcare professionals to stay vigilant and for the general population to be aware of the early warning signs.

Diagnosis and Treatment:

One of the biggest challenges in managing GBS in India is early diagnosis. The symptoms of GBS can be mistaken for other neurological conditions, leading to delayed treatment. Furthermore, access to advanced healthcare facilities, particularly in rural areas, remains a concern.

Treatment for GBS typically involves intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy or plasmapheresis, both of which can help reduce the severity of the disease. Physiotherapy and rehabilitation play a crucial role in recovery, helping patients regain muscle strength and mobility over time. However, the high cost of treatment remains a significant burden for many families, emphasizing the need for improved healthcare policies and support systems.

Raising Awareness and Prevention

While GBS cannot always be prevented, steps can be taken to reduce the risk of infections that may trigger the syndrome. Maintaining good hygiene, ensuring proper food safety, and getting timely vaccinations can help lower the risk. Additionally, recognizing the symptoms early and seeking medical attention promptly can make a significant difference in recovery outcomes.

With growing awareness, better diagnostic capabilities, and enhanced medical support, India can tackle the rising cases of GBS effectively. The key lies in early detection, timely intervention, and ensuring accessible treatment for all affected individuals. As GBS continues to pose a silent threat, it is crucial to stay informed and proactive in addressing this neurological challenge. If you would like to learn more about GBS, feel free to visit us at Aakash Healthcare Super Speciality Hospital. You can also reach out to us via email or phone.